Abamectin

Appearance is light yellow to white cry stalline powder, odorless. m.p. 155 ～ 157℃ , vapor pressure 2×10-7Pa, relative density 1.16(21℃ ).

solubility at 21℃ : toluene 350g/L, acetone 100g/L, isopropanol 70g/L, chloroform 25g/L, ethanol 20g/L, methanol 19.5g/L, cyclohexane

6g/L, kerosene 0.5g/L, water 10μg/L. part ition coeffi cient 9×103. stable under normal conditions, will not hydrolyze at pH 5～9. 0.5g/L,

water 10μg/L. Distribution coeffi cient 9.9×103. stable under normal conditions, no hydrolysis at pH 5~9.

It has good control eff ect on pests of citrus, vegetables, cotton, apple, tobacco, soybean, tea tree and other crops and delays resistance

Abamectin is a naturally derived insecticide and acaricide obtained from the fermentation of the soil bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis. Known for its potency and versatility, it is widely used in agriculture, horticulture, and public health to control a variety of pests, particularly mites and certain insect species.

Key Features

1. Chemical Formula: C48H72O14

2. Mode of Action: Disrupts the nervous system of pests by activating glutamate-gated chloride channels, causing paralysis and death.

3. Target Pests: Mites, leafminers, aphids, whiteflies, and other insects.

4. Formulations: Available as emulsifiable concentrates, granules, and suspension concentrates.

Applications

Agricultural Use

• Crop Protection: Widely used on crops like cotton, citrus, vegetables, and ornamentals to control mites and sucking pests.

• Effective in Greenhouses: Suitable for use in controlled environments against pests such as spider mites and thrips.

Horticulture

• Tree Crops: Protects fruit and nut trees from a range of pests.

• Ornamental Plants: Controls pests on flowers and shrubs without damaging plant health.

Public Health and Animal Health

• Livestock: Used to manage parasitic infestations in animals.

• Urban Pest Control: Effective against household pests such as ants and termites.

Mode of Action

Abamectin acts on the glutamate-gated chloride ion channels in the nervous system of pests, enhancing chloride ion influx. This results in paralysis, cessation of feeding, and eventual death. Its translaminar activity ensures that it penetrates plant tissues, targeting pests on both the surface and underside of leaves.

Advantages

1. Broad-Spectrum Control: Effective against a wide range of mites and insects.

2. Translaminar Action: Reaches hidden pests within plant tissues.

3. Low Residual Impact: Breaks down rapidly in the environment, reducing long-term exposure risks.

4. Minimal Non-Target Effects: Safe for most beneficial insects when used correctly.

Safety and Environmental Considerations

Handling and Storage

• Protective Measures: Wear gloves, masks, and protective clothing during application.

• Storage: Store in a cool, dry place away from food and water sources.

Environmental Impact

• Non-Target Effects: Toxic to aquatic organisms; avoid water contamination.

• Degradability: Rapidly degrades in soil and water, minimizing environmental persistence.

Human Health Risks

• Low Mammalian Toxicity: Minimal risk to humans when used as directed.

• Exposure Risks: May cause mild irritation; follow safety guidelines to prevent direct contact.

Limitations

1. Aquatic Toxicity: Highly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms.

2. Resistance Development: Should be rotated with other pesticides to manage resistance.

3. Short Residual Period: Requires repeated applications in some cases.

Conclusion

Abamectin is a highly effective and environmentally friendly solution for managing mites and insect pests across a variety of settings. Its targeted action, low environmental persistence, and compatibility with integrated pest management programs make it an indispensable tool for modern pest control. Proper application and adherence to safety protocols are essential for maximizing its benefits while minimizing risks.