Captan

Clotrimazole industrial product is a colorless to beige amorphous solid with a pungent odor. Pure product is colorless crystalline solid, melting point 178℃(tech.,175~178℃)

Used as a protective fungicide, foliar spraying or seed dressing can be used, safe for crops, no harm, but also has the role of stimulating plant growth.

Captan is a non-systemic, broad-spectrum fungicide widely used in agriculture to control fungal diseases on fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants. Its multi-site mode of action makes it effective for disease prevention and resistance management.

Key Features

1. Chemical Class: Phthalimide fungicide.

2. Mode of Action: Multi-site inhibitor, disrupting multiple biochemical processes in fungi.

3. Formulations: Available as wettable powders (WP), dusts, and liquid concentrates.

4. Contact Fungicide: Remains on the plant surface, forming a protective barrier.

Applications

Crops

• Fruits: Apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, and grapes.

• Vegetables: Tomatoes, cucumbers, and potatoes.

• Ornamentals: Roses and other flowering plants.

Target Diseases

• Scab (Venturia spp.).

• Botrytis rot (Botrytis cinerea).

• Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.).

• Leaf spots (Cercospora spp., Alternaria spp.).

• Powdery mildew (Oidium spp.).

Mode of Action

Captan works by disrupting multiple enzymatic processes in fungi, effectively inhibiting spore germination and mycelial growth. Its multi-site activity reduces the risk of resistance development.

Advantages

1. Broad-Spectrum Activity: Effective against a wide range of fungal pathogens.

2. Resistance Management: Multi-site mode of action limits resistance buildup.

3. Crop Safety: Low risk of phytotoxicity when used as directed.

4. Compatibility: Can be tank-mixed with other pesticides for integrated pest management (IPM).

Usage Guidelines

1. Application Timing: Apply preventively before fungal spores germinate.

2. Dosage: Follow label recommendations for specific crops and diseases.

3. Coverage: Ensure thorough and even coverage of plant surfaces.

4. Reapplication Interval: Typically 7–14 days, depending on disease pressure and weather conditions.

Safety and Environmental Considerations

Handling and Storage

• Protective Measures: Wear gloves, goggles, and protective clothing during handling.

• Storage: Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from food and feed.

Environmental Impact

• Aquatic Toxicity: Avoid runoff into water bodies to protect aquatic organisms.

• Soil Persistence: Low to moderate persistence; follow recommended application rates.

Human Health Risks

• Toxicity: Slightly toxic if ingested or inhaled; may cause skin and eye irritation.

• First Aid:

  • Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water.

  • Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes.

  • Inhalation: Move to fresh air and seek medical attention if symptoms occur.

  
  

Limitations

1. Non-Systemic Action: Requires regular applications for continued protection.

2. Rainfastness: Effectiveness may be reduced by heavy rainfall; reapplication may be needed.

3. Residue Management: Observe pre-harvest intervals to minimize residues on crops.

Conclusion

Captan is a reliable fungicide for managing a variety of fungal diseases in agricultural and ornamental plants. Its multi-site action, combined with preventive properties, makes it a cornerstone in sustainable disease management programs. Proper application ensures healthy crops and high yields.