Dimethoate

Pure product is white crystal, industrial product is light yellow solid or light yellow liquid with garlic odor. m.p. 52~52.5℃ , relative density 1.277(20℃ ). Refractive index n65D1.5334(65℃ ), volatility 0.107mg/m3. vapor pressure 1.13×10-3Pa(25℃ ).

It is a contact and internal insecticidal and acaricidal agent, mainly used to control pests of cotton, vegetables and other crops

Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide used to control a wide range of insect and mite pests. It is particularly effective against aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and various types of mites. Dimethoate works by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme essential for nerve function in pests, leading to their paralysis and death.

Key Features

1. Broad-Spectrum Activity: Effective against a variety of insects and mites.

2. Systemic Action: Absorbed by plants and distributed through the vascular system, providing internal protection.

3. Quick Knockdown Effect: Rapidly immobilizes and kills pests upon contact or ingestion.

4. Versatile Application: Suitable for use on a wide range of crops and plants.

Applications

Target Pests

• Aphids (Aphis spp.)

• Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci)

• Thrips (Frankliniella spp.)

• Mites (Tetranychus spp., Panonychus spp.)

• Leafhoppers (Empoasca spp.)

• Rootworms (Diabrotica spp.)

Usage Areas

• Field Crops: Cotton, maize, soybeans, and rice

• Vegetables: Tomatoes, cucumbers, and potatoes

• Fruits: Apples, grapes, and citrus

• Ornamental Plants: Roses, chrysanthemums, and other flowering plants

Application Methods

1. Foliar Spray: Direct application to the plant foliage to control pests.

2. Soil Application: Applied to soil to control soil-dwelling pests.

Mode of Action

Dimethoate works by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is crucial for proper nerve function in insects. This inhibition causes a buildup of acetylcholine, disrupting nerve transmission and leading to paralysis and death of the pest. Its systemic nature allows it to be absorbed by plants, providing protection to new growth as well.

Advantages

1. Effective Against a Wide Range of Pests: Provides control of both insects and mites.

2. Systemic Action: Protects plants from within, ensuring long-lasting protection.

3. Rapid Knockdown: Quickly reduces pest populations.

4. Flexible Application: Can be applied as a foliar spray or soil treatment.

Safety and Environmental Considerations

Handling and Storage

• Use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, masks, and goggles when handling or applying Dimethoate.

• Store in a cool, dry place, away from food, water, and incompatible substances.

Environmental Impact

• Pollinator Safety: Highly toxic to bees; avoid application during flowering periods.

• Aquatic Safety: Prevent runoff into water bodies to protect aquatic life.

Human Health Risks

• Toxicity: Dimethoate is toxic if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Proper safety precautions should always be followed.

• Symptoms of Poisoning: Headache, dizziness, nausea, and muscle weakness. Seek medical attention if symptoms occur.

Limitations

1. Pollinator Risk: Use with caution around flowering plants to minimize risks to bees and other pollinators.

2. Resistance: Overuse or misuse can lead to resistance in pest populations. Rotate with other insecticides to manage resistance.

3. Environmental Concerns: Careful application is necessary to avoid contamination of water sources and harm to non-target organisms.

Conclusion

Dimethoate is a potent and versatile insecticide and acaricide that offers broad-spectrum control of pests across a variety of crops. Its systemic action and quick knockdown effect make it a valuable tool in pest management programs. However, careful handling and application are required to minimize environmental impact and ensure safety for non-target organisms. Proper use can help maintain effective pest control while minimizing risks to the ecosystem.