PHENYL HYDRAZINE (PHY)
Phenylhydrazine is light yellow oily liquid, m.p.19.8℃, b.p.173.5℃/13.33kPa, n20D1.608, relative density 1.0978(20℃), slightly soluble in water and petroleum ether, soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether, chloroform and benzene, can be volatilized with the vapor, easy to be darkened in the air. Phenylhydrazine hydrochloride [59-88-1] is solid, m.p. 250-254°C (decomposition).
PHY is used in the production of pesticides for the synthesis of organophosphorus insecticides triazophosphorus intermediate 1-phenylarbazone, pyridine intermediate 1-phenyl-3, 6-dihydroxypyridine, and also the intermediate of new fungicides oxazolone and phenamidone. It can also be used as an intermediate of pesticides sulfentrazone and famoxadone .
Phenylhydrazine (PHY) is an organic compound widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and agrochemicals. Its reactivity and versatile functional groups make it a valuable intermediate in various chemical processes.
Chemical Characteristics
| Melting point | 18-21 °C (lit.) |
| Boiling point | 238-241 °C (lit.) |
| density | 1.098 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| vapor density | 4.3 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | <0.1 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index | n |
| Fp | 192 °F |
| storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
| solubility | Soluble in dilute acids. |
| pka | 8.79(at 15℃) |
| form | Powder |
| color | White to slightly blue or light beige |
| explosive limit | 1.1%(V) |
| Water Solubility | 145 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Sensitive | Air & Light Sensitive |
| Merck | 14,7293 |
| BRN | 606080 |
| Dielectric constant | 7.2（23℃） |
| Exposure limits | TLV-TWA skin 0.1 ppm (0.44 mg/m3) (ACGIH), 5 ppm (22 mg/m3) (OSHA); STEL 10 ppm (44 mg/m3) (OSHA); carcinogenicity: A2-Suspected Human Carcinogen (ACGIH), Carcinogen (NIOSH). . |
| Stability: | Stable, but may decompose in sunlight. May be air or light sensitive. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, metal oxides. |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 100-63-0(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Hydrazine, phenyl-(100-63-0) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Phenylhydrazine (100-63-0) |
Applications
Pharmaceutical Industry:
Intermediate in the synthesis of antipyretic and analgesic drugs.
Used in the preparation of certain antihypertensive and antimalarial agents.
Chemical Synthesis:
Reagent for the identification of aldehydes and ketones via hydrazone formation.
Precursor for azo dyes and other colorants.
Agrochemical Industry:
Intermediate in the production of herbicides and pesticides.
Research and Development:
Utilized in laboratory studies for organic transformations.
Advantages
High reactivity for efficient synthesis of derivatives.
Versatile applications across multiple industries.
Effective as a reagent for analytical and preparative chemistry.
Safety and Handling
Protective Measures:
Use gloves, goggles, and protective clothing during handling.
Ensure proper ventilation or work under a fume hood.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
Keep the container tightly sealed to prevent oxidation or degradation.
Hazards:
Inhalation: Toxic; may cause respiratory irritation or systemic effects.
Skin Contact: Can cause irritation or sensitization.
Eye Contact: Risk of severe irritation or damage.
Ingestion: Harmful if swallowed; may lead to serious health issues.
First Aid Measures:
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately; seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; consult a doctor if irritation occurs.
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for at least 15 minutes; get immediate medical help.
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth and seek prompt medical care.
Conclusion
Phenylhydrazine (PHY) is a critical intermediate in the pharmaceutical, dye, and agrochemical industries. Its high reactivity enables efficient chemical synthesis, but proper handling and storage are essential to ensure safety.
FAQ
1. What is the primary use of Phenylhydrazine?
It is mainly used as an intermediate in pharmaceutical synthesis and as a reagent in chemical analysis.
2. How should it be stored?
Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from oxidizing agents.
3. Is it water-soluble?
It is slightly soluble in water but dissolves well in organic solvents like ethanol and ether.
4. What are the safety concerns?
Phenylhydrazine is toxic and should be handled with care, following proper safety protocols.
5. Can it react with other chemicals?
Yes, it reacts readily with carbonyl compounds to form hydrazones.
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