Profenofos

It is light yellow liquid. b.p. 110℃ /0.1333Pa, vapor pressure 1.333×10-2Pa(20℃ ), refractive index n20D1.5466. relative density

1.455(20℃ ). Can be miscible with many organic solvents, solubility in water is 20mg/L at 20℃ .

Used to control a variety of pests of cotton, vegetables, fruit trees and other crops, especially for resistant cotton bollworm

Profenofos is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide widely used in agriculture for controlling a broad range of pests on various crops. Known for its dual action as both a contact and systemic pesticide, Profenofos effectively manages resistant pest populations, making it a valuable tool in integrated pest management (IPM).

Key Features

1. Chemical Formula: C11H15BrClO3PS

2. Mode of Action: Inhibits acetylcholinesterase, disrupting nerve signal transmission in pests, leading to paralysis and death.

3. Target Pests: Effective against aphids, whiteflies, mites, bollworms, and caterpillars.

4. Formulations: Commonly available as emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and granules.

Applications

Agricultural Use

• Crops:

  • Cotton: Controls bollworms, jassids, and whiteflies.

  • Vegetables: Effective against leaf miners, thrips, and aphids.

  • Rice: Targets stem borers and leaf folders.

  
  

• Pest Control: Used to manage pests that exhibit resistance to other classes of insecticides.

Integrated Pest Management (IPM)

• Compatibility: Can be combined with other pesticides and fungicides for enhanced pest control strategies.

Mode of Action

Profenofos disrupts the nervous system of pests by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This causes an accumulation of acetylcholine at nerve synapses, leading to overstimulation of the nervous system, paralysis, and eventual death of the insect or mite.

Advantages

1. Broad-Spectrum Activity: Effective against a wide range of insect and mite pests.

2. Dual Action: Acts as both a contact and systemic pesticide, providing comprehensive pest control.

3. Resistance Management: Useful in combating pests resistant to pyrethroids and other insecticides.

4. Residual Effect: Offers prolonged protection against pests.

Safety and Environmental Considerations

Handling and Storage

• Protective Measures: Wear gloves, masks, and protective clothing during application.

• Storage: Keep in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry place, away from food and water sources.

Environmental Impact

• Aquatic Toxicity: Highly toxic to fish and aquatic organisms; avoid contamination of water bodies.

• Non-Target Effects: Harmful to beneficial insects, including bees; avoid application during pollination periods.

Human Health Risks

• Toxicity: Can cause skin and eye irritation, as well as symptoms of organophosphate poisoning if ingested or inhaled.

• First Aid:

  • Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water.

  • Eye Contact: Rinse with clean water for at least 15 minutes.

  • Ingestion: Seek immediate medical attention; administer activated charcoal if advised by a professional.

  
  

Limitations

1. Resistance Potential: Overuse may lead to resistance in pest populations; rotate with other insecticides to maintain effectiveness.

2. Environmental Persistence: Can accumulate in soil and water, posing risks to non-target organisms.

3. Regulatory Restrictions: Usage is restricted in certain regions due to environmental and health concerns.

Conclusion

Profenofos is a versatile and effective pesticide widely used in agriculture for managing resistant pests. When used responsibly and in compliance with safety guidelines, it plays a crucial role in ensuring crop health and productivity.