What Is 5-Chloro-2,3-Difluoropyridine (CDFP) and How Is It Applied in Chemical Synthesis?
Technical Introduction
5-Chloro-2,3-Difluoropyridine (abbreviated as CDFP) is a halogenated heteroaromatic compound with the molecular formula C₅H₂ClF₂N.
It belongs to the family of fluoropyridines, which are widely used as intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals.
The presence of fluorine atoms at the 2- and 3-positions of the pyridine ring significantly influences its electronic properties, increasing lipophilicity and metabolic stability in derived molecules.
With 96% purity, CDFP ensures consistent performance in demanding synthesis applications.
Applications
1. Pharmaceutical Intermediate
Precursor for antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer agents.
Key in the synthesis of kinase inhibitors and other heterocyclic drug candidates.
2. Agrochemical Manufacturing
Used in developing fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides with enhanced biological activity.
3. Specialty & Fine Chemicals
Applied in functional materials requiring halogenated heterocycles.
Useful for modifying electronic properties in liquid crystal and dye molecules.
4. R&D in Medicinal Chemistry
Serves as a building block in SAR (structure–activity relationship) studies to optimize molecular activity.
Advantages
Multiple Halogen Functionalities: Enables selective substitution reactions.
Fluorine Effects: Improves chemical stability and bioavailability in end products.
High Purity (96%): Suitable for critical synthesis applications.
Synthetic Versatility: Can undergo nucleophilic substitution, cross-coupling, and condensation reactions.
Typical Parameters
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₅H₂ClF₂N |
| Molecular Weight | 149.53 g/mol |
| Purity (%) | ≥96.0 |
| CAS Number | 17282-04-1 |
| Appearance | Colorless to light yellow liquid |
| Boiling Point (°C) | ~155–160 |
| Solubility | Soluble in most organic solvents |
| Storage | Store in cool, dry place, sealed, inert atmosphere |
| Stability | Stable under recommended conditions |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (sealed) |
FAQs
Q1: Why are fluoropyridines important in medicinal chemistry?
A1: Fluorine atoms can modulate biological activity, enhance membrane permeability, and improve drug stability.
Q2: Can CDFP undergo Suzuki coupling?
A2: Yes, the chloro group can participate in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions to build more complex molecules.
Q3: Is it hazardous?
A3: Yes, it should be handled with gloves, goggles, and in a fume hood; avoid inhalation and skin contact.
Q4: How does its halogen pattern affect reactivity?
A4: The electron-withdrawing fluorines make the ring more susceptible to nucleophilic substitution at certain positions.
Q5: Is CDFP commercially available in bulk?
A5: Yes, it is supplied by specialty chemical manufacturers in both laboratory and industrial quantities.
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