What Is 3,4-Xylidine and How Is It Used in Industrial and Pharmaceutical Synthesis?
Technical Introduction
3,4-Xylidine, also known as 3,4-dimethylaniline, is an aromatic amine with the molecular formula C₈H₁₁N.
It features a benzene ring with methyl groups at the 3- and 4-positions and an amino group at the 1-position.
This substitution pattern influences its electronic properties and reactivity, making it useful as a chemical intermediate.
In pure form, it appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a faint aromatic odor and is soluble in most organic solvents.
Applications
1. Pharmaceutical Intermediate
Used in the synthesis of analgesics and local anesthetics.
Serves as a precursor in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) production involving substituted aniline scaffolds.
2. Dye and Pigment Manufacturing
Key raw material in azo dye synthesis, providing intense and stable color properties.
Employed in the manufacture of disperse dyes for textile coloration.
3. Agrochemical Synthesis
Utilized as a building block in herbicides and other crop protection agents.
4. Specialty Chemical Applications
Acts as an intermediate in the production of rubber antioxidants and polymer additives.
Advantages
Versatile Chemistry: The amino and methyl groups allow for multiple derivatization pathways.
Cross-Industry Use: Applicable in pharmaceuticals, dyes, and agrochemicals.
Proven Performance: Widely studied and trusted in industrial chemistry.
Good Shelf Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage conditions.
Typical Parameters
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C₈H₁₁N |
| Molecular Weight | 121.18 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 95-64-7 |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
| Purity (%) | ≥99.0 |
| Boiling Point (°C) | ~224–226 |
| Flash Point (°C) | ~103 |
| Solubility | Soluble in most organic solvents; low in water |
| Storage | Store in cool, dry, ventilated place |
| Shelf Life | 24 months (sealed) |
FAQs
Q1: What is the primary use of 3,4-Xylidine?
A1: As an intermediate in pharmaceutical and dye production.
Q2: How does it differ from 2,6-Xylidine?
A2: The methyl groups are in different positions, which affects its reactivity and end-use applications.
Q3: Is it hazardous to handle?
A3: Yes, it is toxic and should be handled with PPE in a fume hood.
Q4: Can it be stored at room temperature?
A4: Yes, if kept sealed and away from heat and light.
Q5: Is it suitable for direct consumer use?
A5: No, it is strictly for industrial and laboratory applications.
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