What Makes Plaster Essential in Construction and Industrial Applications
Technical Introduction
Plaster is a fine powder or paste primarily composed of calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO₄·½H₂O).
When mixed with water, it hydrates to form gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O), creating a smooth, workable material that hardens quickly.
It is widely used in construction, decorative work, and industrial applications due to its adhesive and fire-resistant properties.
Applications
1. Construction & Architecture
Wall and Ceiling Coatings: Provides a smooth surface for painting or finishing.
Decorative Molding: Used for cornices, ceiling roses, and ornamental elements.
Partition Walls: Lightweight and easy-to-apply solution for interior partitions.
2. Industrial Uses
Casting & Molding: For molds in ceramics, sculpture, and dental applications.
Cement Additive: Controls setting time and improves workability in cement.
3. Other Uses
Fire Protection: Provides a fire-resistant layer for walls and ceilings.
Soil Amendment: Can improve soil structure in agriculture.
Advantages
Quick Setting: Hardens rapidly for efficient construction.
Smooth Finish: Creates even surfaces ideal for painting or decoration.
Fire-Resistant: Provides inherent fire protection for buildings.
Versatile Applications: Suitable for construction, decorative, and industrial use.
Typical Parameters
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | CaSO₄·½H₂O (hemihydrate) |
| Appearance | Fine white or off-white powder |
| Setting Time | 5–15 minutes (initial) |
| Hardening Time | 30–60 minutes (final) |
| Solubility in Water | Slightly soluble |
| Bulk Density | 0.9–1.1 g/cm³ |
| Purity | ≥ 95% |
| Shelf Life | 1–2 years in dry storage |
FAQs
Q1: What is the difference between plaster and cement?
A1: Plaster sets quickly and is used for smooth finishes and decorative work, while cement is stronger, slower-setting, and used for structural purposes.
Q2: Can plaster be used outdoors?
A2: It is generally used indoors; for exterior applications, special weather-resistant formulations are needed.
Q3: How should plaster be mixed?
A3: Mix with clean water in a recommended ratio until smooth; avoid overmixing which can shorten setting time.
Q4: How quickly does it harden?
A4: Initial setting occurs within 5–15 minutes, and final hardening typically takes 30–60 minutes.
Q5: How should it be stored?
A5: Store in a dry, ventilated area to prevent moisture absorption and premature hardening.
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