Calcium Cyanamide: A Versatile Nitrogen Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner

What is Calcium Cyanamide?

Calcium Cyanamide (CaCN₂), also known as lime nitrogen, is a multi-functional agricultural chemical widely used as a nitrogen fertilizer, soil conditioner, and pesticide. It enhances crop growth, prevents soil-borne diseases, and improves soil fertility by gradually releasing nitrogen into the soil.

Applications of Calcium Cyanamide

1. Agricultural Fertilizer

✔ Slow-Release Nitrogen Source – Provides a steady nitrogen supply, reducing leaching losses and enhancing nutrient absorption
✔ Neutralizes Acidic Soils – Acts as a liming agent, improving soil structure and pH balance
✔ Boosts Microbial Activity – Encourages beneficial microorganisms, enhancing soil fertility

2. Soil Disinfection and Weed Control

✔ Suppresses Soil-Borne Pathogens – Controls fungal diseases, bacteria, and harmful nematodes
✔ Weed Seed Inhibition – Prevents weed germination, reducing the need for chemical herbicides

3. Industrial Applications

✔ Raw Material for Cyanamide Production – Used in the synthesis of cyanamide-based chemicals
✔ Steel Industry Additive – Applied in desulfurization processes

Benefits of Calcium Cyanamide

✔ Dual-Action Fertilizer & Pesticide – Improves crop growth while controlling soil-borne diseases
✔ Enhances Soil pH – Reduces soil acidity, making it ideal for acidic farmlands
✔ Long-Lasting Nitrogen Supply – Provides gradual nitrogen release, reducing fertilizer runoff
✔ Reduces Pathogen Risks – Effective against fungal infections, nematodes, and bacteria

Application Guidelines

• Dosage Recommendations:

  • Field Crops: 300–500 kg/ha

  • Fruit Trees: 200–400 kg/ha

  • Greenhouse Soil Disinfection: 500–800 kg/ha (applied before planting)

  
  

• Application Methods:

  • Broadcasting – Spread over the field and mix into the soil

  • Soil Incorporation – Plow into the soil before sowing

  • Pre-Planting Treatment – Applied 2–3 weeks before planting to allow decomposition

  
  

Storage and Handling Tips

⚠ Store in a dry place to prevent moisture absorption
⚠ Avoid mixing with ammonium fertilizers to prevent unwanted chemical reactions
⚠ Use protective gear when handling to prevent skin irritation

FAQs About Calcium Cyanamide

Q1: Can Calcium Cyanamide be applied directly to plants?
A: No, it must be incorporated into the soil and allowed to decompose before planting.

Q2: How does Calcium Cyanamide compare to urea?
A: It releases nitrogen more slowly than urea, improving nutrient efficiency and reducing leaching losses.

Q3: Is Calcium Cyanamide safe for organic farming?
A: No, it is synthetic and not approved for organic farming.

Conclusion

Calcium Cyanamide (lime nitrogen) is a multi-functional fertilizer that improves soil health, enhances crop yields, and controls soil-borne diseases. Its dual role as a nitrogen source and soil disinfectant makes it valuable in sustainable agriculture, particularly in acidic soils and disease-prone fields.